In order to keep your child safe, remember to leave the basal rate on, and avoid giving them insulin any more frequently than every 2 hours. Ketones are made when your body breaks down fat for energy. You should check your child for ketones when they have blood sugars or above or are showing signs of illness, including:.
DKA, which is a buildup of ketones and acid in the body, is caused by too little insulin. Late symptoms of DKA are a medical emergency. You should call if your child experiences any of the following:. Make An Appointment Phone Give Feedback On This Page. Give Feedback on this page. When there is not enough insulin available, blood sugar levels rise and excess sugar spills into the urine.
Then the body starts breaking down fat as an alternative supply of energy. The ketones produced by fat breakdown are acidic, causing ketoacidosis. As the condition worsens, and more and more water is lost in the urine and through vomiting, the child becomes increasingly dehydrated. DKA can be avoided by careful attention to all aspects of the diabetes treatment plan. DKA usually develops over hours or days. If a child exhibits any of the following signs, blood sugar level and ketones in the urine should be checked:.
Urinary ketones are checked by dipping a chemically treated strip in a fresh sample of urine. Strips are available at your local pharmacy. For example, when:. For children with other complex health care needs, we would expect their state of health to be as it was prior to the onset of this current illness.
Qualified staff will give you advice on who to talk to and how quickly you should do it. You can phone 24 hours a day, seven days a week. DRF Type 1 Diabetes www. Endocrine and metabolic disorders. Illustrated textbook of paediatrics, 4th edition, Resource No: FS Updated: January All information contained in this sheet has been supplied by qualified professionals as a guideline for care only.
Research and education. Back to fact sheets. Diabetic Ketoacidosis fact sheet. Diabetic Ketoacidosis. What causes DKA? Managing Type 1 diabetes Everyday illnesses, infection, or missed doses of insulin will nearly always cause a rise in BGLs in someone with Type 1 diabetes.
Your child should always take insulin especially basal insulin even if they are not eating as this will keep the BGL down. They may need a small dose of fast-acting insulin to lower their BGL. Small children with an upset stomach may need less insulin if they are not eating and drinking, but never stop insulin completely. Test for ketones — especially if BGL is greater than Continue to test for ketones every two hours until they are less than 0.
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